Traditional Irish History

The traditional historians saw Irelands story as a series of invasions. or takings, of Ireland. which is why the Irish regarded Ireland as "swordland", that legitimacy to rule had always been won by dint of conquest. 

The ancient prehistory of Ireland exists only in manuscript form, those that survive were written mostly in the last thousand years.

Traditional history is often thought incompatible with the modern archaeological/historical narrative, but archaeology, while providing more detail and an improved timeline, has not overturned the ancient sequence in its broad details.

The Leabhar Gabhála Eireann:      The Book of Invasions of Ireland

 link read it

Compiled from Irish sources and the following books; St. Augustine, De Civitas Dei (The City of God); Eusebius Chronicon; Orosius Histories against the Pagans; Isidore of Seville, Etymologia.

Also the Apocryphal Syriac book called "The Cave of Treasures." The Syrians, Arabs, Egyptians, Ethiopians and Irish regarded the "Cave of Treasures" as an authoritative work on their respective pedigrees.

The Book of Invasions begins with the Irish tribes in Scythia, somewhere near the Caspian sea,

it is remarkable roughly located within the projected origin of the Indo-European language family.

Here is the sequence of invasions regarded as authoritative by the old Irish historians and on the right the approximate modern archaeological equivalent.

The White Ancient who narrates the rest of the Invasions as he is reincarnated as a salmon, eagle and hawk.

Cesair:                                            The Hunter Gatherers: The Mesolithic

Reputedly the grand daughter of Noah, these fishermen who accidentally discovered the island

Labra became the first man to be buried in Ireland

They are overtaken by the Biblical Flood.

Fomorians  Fomoire
                                                            

Ciochal was the name of the leader of this people who were maritime raiders.

His people lived on fish and fowl for two hundred years until Partholon,  invaded and defeated them in the Battle of Magh Ithe.

 Some say they are the demons of the underworld and related to the Tuatha De Danaan

Partholon                                     The First Farmers: The Stone Age

Descendants of Japheth the first to bring the plough and oxen to Ireland

They are wiped out by plague and buried at a place called Tamlacht (Tallaght)

The Son of Nemed

A flood covers Ireland, wiping out most of the Nemedians. A handful of survivors are scattered to the four corners of the world.

Firbolg

The Firbolg those who are settled in Greece return from exile as the Fir Bolg, Fir Domnann and the Fir Galeoin.

Tuatha De Danaan:                       The People of Danu: The Bronze Age

These were the Gods of the Irish before the coming of the Eastern faith

Also descendants of Nemed, they return from the north where they are masters of magic and

 they fight two great battles with the Firbolg and allied Fomorians the first and second battles of Mag Tuireadh.

 "So that they were the Tuatha De Danann who came to Ireland. In this wise they came, in dark clouds. They landed on the mountains of Conmaicne Rein (South Leitrim) in Connachta; and they brought a darkness over the sun for three days and three nights."

Those are the Tuatha Dé - gods were their men of arts, non-gods their husbandmen. They knew the incantations of druids, and charioteers, and trappers, and cupbearers.

It is the Tuatha De Danann who brought with them the Great Fal, [that is, the Stone of Knowledge, which was in Temair, whence Ireland bears the name of "The Plain of Fal."

   Milesian:The Sons of Milidh                                      :         The Iron Age

These were the ancestors of the Gael, soldiers of Spain, who sailed from Cantabria to Ireland.

 were to remain in power until the 17th century

 Banba, Fodla and Eire were the goddesses of the country It is now that the island receives its names

   The Holy Warriors                                                                         The Christians

with the coming of the faith, came the great schools of the monasteries and the keeping of written records,

The Christian faith came before it was organised at Rome

 But soon, the expansion of Christianity and the great wealth of Ireland attracted invaders.

The Vikings:                                                                       The Colonies

The Danes and Norse came as raiders and traders in the early ninth century initially targeted the great monasteries

superior armour (chainmail) that the Irish found difficult at first to penetrate

the axe

The Towns

The Cambro-Normans                                                             Feudalism

Descendants of the Vikings who settled in Normandy, after their successful conquest of England, they attempted conquest of Ireland in 1169 AD.                

They came eventually to be known as the Old English.

Ecclesiastical The Roman Catholic Church

The Pale

However great the flood, it will ebb

The Tudors                                            The New English     Colonialism 

The Scots Plantations

  From now on, overlaid on the system of tuatha were new forms of organisation.

The name Dagda may ultimately be derived from the Proto-Indo-European *Dhagho-deiwos "shining divinity", the first element being cognate with the English word "day", and possibly a byword for a deification of a notion such as "splendour".

 In Irish mythology, Dian Cécht (Old Irish pronunciation [dʲiːən kʲeːxt]), also known as Cainte, Canta, was the God of healing to the Irish people. He was the healer for the Tuatha Dé Danann and the father of Cian, Cu, and Cethé. His other children were Miach, Airmed, Étan the poetess,^[1] and Ochtriullach

 In Gaelic law, a 'sanctuary' called a maighin digona surrounded each person's dwelling.^[10] Within this the owner and his family and property were protected by law.^[10] The maighin digona's size varied according to the owner's rank. In the case of a bóaire it extended as far as he, while sitting at his house, could cast a cnairsech (variously described as a spear or sledgehammer)

 These were the cruit (a small harp) and clairseach (a bigger harp with typically 30 strings), the timpan (a small string instrument played with a bow or plectrum), the feadan (a fife), the buinne (an oboe or flute), the guthbuinne (a bassoon-type horn), the bennbuabhal and corn (hornpipes), the cuislenna (bagpipes - see Great Irish Warpipes), the stoc and sturgan (clarions or trumpets), and the cnamha (castanets)

• Right side/downward strokes
  1. B beith [b] (*betwias)
  2. L luis [l]
  3. F fearn [w] (*wernā)
  4. S saille [s] (*salis)
  5. N nuin [n]
• Left side/upward strokes
  1. H úath [j]?
  2. D duir [d] (*daris)
  3. T tinne [t]
  4. C coll [k] (*coslas)
  5. Q ceirt [kʷ] (*kʷertā)
• Across/pendicular strokes
  1. M muin [m]
  2. G gort [ɡ] (*gortas)
  3. NG gétal [ɡʷ] (*gʷēddlan)
  4. Z straif [sw] or [ts]?
  5. R ruis [r]
• notches (vowels)
  1. A ailm [a]
  2. O onn [o] (*osen)
  3. U úr [u]
  4. E edad [e]
  5. I idad [i]
  6. Its origin is probably due to the letters themselves being called feda "trees", or nin "forking branches" due to their shape. Since a few of the letters were, in fact, named after trees, the interpretation arose that they were called feda because of that.
  7. In addition, there is evidence from sources such as In Lebor Ogaim, or the Ogham Tract, that ogham may have been used to keep records or lists, such as genealogies and numerical tallies of property and business transactions. There is also evidence that ogham may have been used as a system of finger or hand signals.